Icyuma ni iki?
Ibyuma bitsinda ni itsinda ryibyuma bisanzwe birimo karubone hagati ya 2% na 4%.Ukurikije ubwoko bwibyuma, birashobora no kugera kuri 5%.Ikorwa no gushonga amabuye y'icyuma cyangwa icyuma cy'ingurube ukayivanga n'ibyuma bitandukanye bishaje hamwe nibindi bivangwa.Ibikoresho bishongeshejwe noneho bisukwa mubibumbano, cyangwa bikozwe.Irakomera mumiterere ya mould itabangamiye imbaraga zayo.Shira ibyuma birimo karubone nyinshi birayiha imbaraga zo kwihanganira imbaraga.
Icyuma gishobora gukoreshwa ni iki?
Icyuma gishobora gukoreshwa hifashishijwe uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bwa annealing.Iyi nzira igabanya ibirimo karubone kandi itezimbere imikorere no guhindagurika.Mu ikubitiro, icyuma cyera - ubundi bwoko bwicyuma kirimo ibintu byinshi bya karubone - bikozwe.Hanyuma irashyuha munsi yumwanya wacyo mugihe kinini, bigatuma karubone ihinduka grafite.Ibi bivamo gushiraho nodules cyangwa serefe, kurema ibyuma byoroshye.Inzira ya annealing igabanya ubukana, ikongerera imbaraga zo kuvunika kandi igafasha kunama no gushushanya nta gucika.
Ibikoresho byuma
Ni ibihe bintu biranga ibyuma?Ibyo biterwa n'ubwoko bw'icyuma, twavuze hano hepfo.Iyo karubone irenze, niko gucamo ibyuma bikozwe mu cyuma, bigatuma ishobora gucika no gucika intege.Hamwe nubushyuhe bwinshi, icyuma nacyo gifite ubushyuhe bwiza.
| Ubwoko bw'icyuma | Ibyiza bya fer |
| Icyatsi kibisi | Imbaraga zingana hasi kandi ntabwo zihindagurika nkizindi ibyuma bishiramo;irwanya ruswa;gucika intege cyane - biragoye kurema neza;umuyoboro mwiza wumuriro nu rwego rwo hejuru rwo kunyeganyega. |
| Icyuma cyera | Ntibisudwa;imbaraga zo gukomeretsa cyane no kurwanya kwambara neza;Indangabintu nziza kubikorwa-bito byingirakamaro. |
| Ibyuma byangiza | Nodular grafite muri microstructure yayo hiyongereyeho magnesium, itanga imbaraga zisumba izindi, gukomera no guhindagurika kuruta icyuma cyijimye. |
| Icyuma cya grafite | Imiterere ya Graphite, ibintu bifitanye isano ni uruvange rwicyuma nicyatsi cyera, imbaraga zingana kandi zinonosorwa neza kuruta icyuma. |
Icyuma gikoreshwa ni iki?
Gukoresha ibyuma bikoreshwa biterwa n'ubwoko bw'icyuma.Uzabona guhuzagurika hepfo.Twashyizemo kandi gukoresha ibyuma byoroshye.
| Gukoresha icyuma | Gukoresha ibyuma |
| Icyatsi kibisi | Imiyoboro, imibiri ya valve, ibice bya valve, ibikoresho byimashini inzu, ingoma ya feri |
| Icyuma cyera | Porogaramu aho habaho kunyerera hagati yubuso bubiri, ni ukuvuga kwambara amasahani & lineri kubikoresho byubucukuzi, kuvanga sima, urusyo rwumupira hamwe no gushushanya bipfa & extrusion nozzles |
| Ibyuma byangiza | Imiyoboro y'amazi & umwanda, traktor & gushyira mubikorwa ibice, amamodoka na mazutu ya crankshafts, piston & imitwe ya silinderi;ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, guhinduranya agasanduku, amakadiri ya moteri & ibice bimena ibice;ibikoresho byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro: kuzamura ingoma, gutwara pulle, flawheels n'indobo ya lift;& uruganda rukora ibyuma: inzugi zitanura & imizingo yameza |
| Icyuma cya grafite | Diesel moteri ihagarika, inzu ya turbo, ibicuruzwa byinshi |
| Icyuma cyoroshye | Gutwara ibinyabiziga gari ya moshi & axle, ibikoresho byubuhinzi na gari ya moshi;nanone, kwaguka guhuza hamwe na gariyamoshi ku biraro, guteranya urunigi, guteranya inganda, ibyuma bifata imiyoboro, & guhuza inkoni |
Shira icyuma vs icyuma cyoroshye
Ibiranga ibyuma byoroshye byoroshye birimo imashini zidasanzwe, gukomera no guhindagurika.Shock irwanya, ifite ubushobozi buhebuje bwo guhangana ningutu nyinshi.
Icyuma cyoroshye cyoroshye gukorana kuruta ibyuma.Kurugero, ibyuma byuma byoroshye cyangwa ibyuma byoroha birashoboka mubishushanyo mbonera.Ubusanzwe ifite aho ishonga cyane kuruta ibyuma bikozwe kuri 1260 ° C - na none, ibi biterwa nuruvange ruri mucyuma, nkubunini bwa karubone irimo.Ariko icyuma gisanzwe cyo hasi cyo gushonga gitanga ubushobozi bwiza, kuburyo byoroshye kwisuka mubibumbano bidakonje vuba.
Ikindi kigereranyo: icyuma cyoroshye nicyuma cyuma.Icyuma cyoroshye ntigishobora kumeneka kugirango gikurweho byoroshye, nkibikoresho byuma bishobora.
Ibyiza byicyuma cyoroshye
Ni ryari gukoresha ibyuma byoroshye byoroshye byumvikana?Mugihe ukeneye izi nyungu:
Ductility - nibyiza kubisabwa bizakenera imashini nini mugihe cyo kurangiza.Ugereranije nicyuma gihindagurika, ntigifite urwego rumwe rwingufu zingana, elastique hamwe ningaruka zo guhangana ningaruka, ariko iracyorohereza gukora imashini itavunitse.
Irashobora gutondekwa no ku nyundo, ugereranije nibyuma bimwe byacika cyangwa bikavunika.
- Hafi yingirakamaro nkicyuma cyumukara.
- Ingaruka nziza zo guhangana nubushyuhe buke cyane.
Ingaruka zicyuma cyoroshye
Imiterere yumubiri yicyuma cyoroshye ifite ibibi, Buri gihe ujye uzirikana ibintu bibi:
Kugabanuka iyo bikonje, nkuko bitakaza amajwi.Ibyuma byose bikozwe - cyangwa ibikoresho byose - bikora ibi kurwego runaka, ariko biragaragara cyane hamwe nicyuma cyoroshye.
Kurwanya ruswa.
Ntabwo ikomeye nkibyuma byangiza cyangwa ibyuma.Kuri porogaramu zikeneye imbaraga zingana cyangwa zo guhonyora, hitamo ikindi cyuma.
Irashobora kandi gucika intege kubushyuhe bwinshi, bigatuma ishobora gucika.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-13-2024